les Cours et Exercices Fsjes Maroc en ligne gratuit: micro economie

<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Cours de microéconomie pour les étudiants de semestre 1 <a href="http://www.cours-fsjes.com/">fsjes</a></span>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Neuropol","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Chapitre 1 :</span></u><u><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">
</span></u><u><span style="font-family: "Eras Demi ITC","sans-serif";">les comportements du consommateur <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">micro economie by <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <a href="http://www.cours-fsjes.com/">fsjes</a></span></td></tr>
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<br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <a href="http://www.cours-fsjes.com/">fsjes</a></span></div>
<span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Introduction :</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span>L’action du <i><u>consommateur</u></i> consiste a choisir parmi les biens économiques ceux qui peuvent lui procurer le maximum de satisfaction, compte tenu de sa contrainte budgétaire. Il choisira donc les biens économiques en fonction de leur utilité.<br /><br />       ● Les choix rationnels du <i><u>consommateur</u></i> lui permettent de réaliser son équilibre statique qui peut varier en fonction de certains déterminants tels que le revenu et les prix.<br /><br />       ● C’est à partir des conditions d’équilibre de ce <i><u>consommateur</u></i> qu’on peut déduire sa fonction de demande individuelle.</span><br />
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<span style="color: #990000;">Section 1: </span><b>la fonction d’utilité</b></div>
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<b><br /></b><span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Un bien est utile s’il procure une satisfaction à son
consommateur.</span></span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right: -32.4pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">La
     fonction d’utilité = la relation entre l’utilité et la quantité de bien ou
     des biens consommés(s).</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
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<span style="background: #FFE2AF; border: solid #FF6600 1.5pt; color: #3366ff; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 20.0pt; padding: 0cm;">U<sub>x</sub>= f (qx)</span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 11pt; text-align: right;">qx :
quantité de x</span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 11.0pt;">U<sub>x</sub> :
utilité de x</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">      Il y a deux types d’analyse de l’utilité :</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><br />o   Une analyse en termes <span style="color: #999999;"><b>d’utilité cardinale</b></span> (quantification), fin du XIXéme siècle.<br />o   Une analyse en termes <b><span style="color: #999999;">d’utilité ordinale</span></b> (classification), à partir des années                                                                  1910.</span><br />
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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><u>Hypothèse et concepts de base</u></span><br />
<img src="file:///C:/Users/Khamiss/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" />      La distinction entre l’utilité totale et l’utilité marginale.<br />
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<span style="background: #FFE2AF; border: solid #FF6600 1.5pt; color: #3366ff; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 20.0pt; padding: 0cm;">Utx=f (qx)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol;">·</span><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">L’utilité totale : mesure le niveau de satisfaction
procuré au consommateur par la consommation d’une quantité donnée (x) d’un bien
X.</span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: #FFE2AF; border: solid #FF6600 1.5pt; color: #3366ff; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 20.0pt; padding: 0cm;">UTx= U(x)</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 20.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">L’utilité marginale : mesure l’accroissement de l’utilité totale, pour le consommateur, résultant de la consommation d’une unité supplémentaire du bien X.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><u>L’hypothèse de la croissance de l’utilité marginale:</u></span></div>
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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><u>L’hypothèse de non saturation:</u></span><br />
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<u><span style="color: red; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">L’analyse
ordinale de l’utilité :<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">     
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">repose sur une relation qui doit être respecté et
d’ordre total.</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">  </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">La relation de
préférence : relation d’ordre Total</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 18.0pt;">R = </span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 24.0pt;">≥ </span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 14.0pt;">= préféré ou indifférent</span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 18.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 11.0pt;">  </span><img alt="Aperçu" height="62" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjO3xyzhRFftXrP579a4mmHGFlH7WBuSSvNskLvCxTJdD8UG1blki3NXKdfiz4tAtypUSnWTlOrlfqnKGPxAtlnC9zU_Wo39Ox1Pm3rsY9Eqd9S7fbTj2wR0gVzu-lb5OvWX8DEajLgo-M/s640/micro.png" width="640" /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";"> </span></b><span style="font-family: Wingdings; text-indent: -9pt;">§<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="text-indent: -9pt;"></span><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; text-indent: -9pt;">L’ensemble des
combinaison des biens est un ensemble continu (hypothèse de divisibilité
parfaite des biens).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">L’augmentation
de la consommation de quantités de bien, augmente toujours l’utilité totale et
procure toujours une satisfaction plus grande (hypothèse de non-saturation).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="color: red; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">La
fonction utilité<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Pour
simplifier, on suppose que le consommateur 
a le choix entre deux biens notés X et Y :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Pomme :
X : x=qté<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Banane :
Y : y=qté<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Les
quantités consommées sont notée x et y.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Pour
2 biens X et Y, la fonction d’utilité du consommateur s’écrit :</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";">    </span><span style="background: #FFE2AF; border: solid #FF6600 1.5pt; color: #3366ff; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 20.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> U = f(x,
y)</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;"><br />L’espace
des choix du consommateur (2 dimensions)</span></u></td></tr>
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<u><span style="color: red; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">Les
courbes d’indifférences<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: magenta; font-family: "Eras Demi ITC","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Définition :<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Une courbe d’indifférence (ou d’iso utilité) est un ensemble de combinaisons de quantités de biens de consommation qui procurent au consommateur le même niveau d’utilité ou de satisfaction.<br />C’est le lien géométrique de toutes des combinaisons qui procurent le même niveau d’utilité ou de satisfaction.</span><br />
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<span style="background: #FFCC99; border: solid #FF9900 1.5pt; color: #3366ff; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; padding: 0cm;">U <sub>0</sub>= f(x, y) = C<sup>te</sup></span><sup><span style="color: #3366ff; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></sup></div>
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Micro economie by <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <a href="http://www.cours-fsjes.com/">fsjes</a></span><br />
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